(2019) Environmental health and leishmaniasis by indication on afghanistan: A review. In: Encyclopedia of Environmental Health. Elsevier, pp. 458-465. ISBN 9780444639523 (ISBN); 9780444639516 (ISBN)
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Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of public health problems in endemic countries like Afghanistan. There are three main manifestation of the diseases; cutaneous, mucocutaneous and visceral. About 70,000 deaths occur due to leishmaniasis in about 100 country annually, especially in children. Afghanistan has the highest number of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases in the world. There are many gaps in controlling of the disease in the country and environmental factors based problems are increasing the size of these cracks. Here we discussed these problems including migration, destroyed infrastructures, defective waste collector system, reservoirs, vectors populations, climate, and complicated political situation and their impacts on leishmaniasis. © 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
| Item Type: | Book Section | ||||||||||||
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| Keywords: | Afghanistan Canin Community awareness Environmental health Infrastructures Leishmaniasis Migration Political development Rodents Sandflies Waste | ||||||||||||
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| Title of Book: | Encyclopedia of Environmental Health | ||||||||||||
| Page Range: | pp. 458-465 | ||||||||||||
| Publisher: | Elsevier | ||||||||||||
| Identification Number: | https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-409548-9.11740-3 | ||||||||||||
| ISBN: | 9780444639523 (ISBN); 9780444639516 (ISBN) | ||||||||||||
| Depositing User: | مهندس مهدی شریفی | ||||||||||||
| URI: | http://eprints.medilam.ac.ir/id/eprint/2902 |
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