Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Repository of Research and Investigative Information

Ilam University of Medical Sciences

SMER28 Attenuates Dopaminergic Toxicity Mediated by 6-Hydroxydopamine in the Rats via Modulating Oxidative Burdens and Autophagy-Related Parameters

Fri Mar 29 19:05:58 2024

(2018) SMER28 Attenuates Dopaminergic Toxicity Mediated by 6-Hydroxydopamine in the Rats via Modulating Oxidative Burdens and Autophagy-Related Parameters. Neurochemical Research. pp. 2313-2323. ISSN 0364-3190

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Abstract

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease that occurs due to cellular autophagy deficiency and the accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of the brainstem. The SMER28 (also known as 6-Bromo-N-prop-2-enylquinazolin-4-amine) is an autophagy inducer. In this study, the neuroprotective effects of SMER28 were evaluated on autophagy induction, antioxidant system activation, and microgliosis attenuation. The Parkinson's disease model was developed in the male Wistar rats by injection of 6-OHDA into the left striatum. Apomorphine-induced behavior assessment test and SNc cell counting were performed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of SMER28. This study examined the pharmacological roles of SMER28, especially by focusing on the autophagy (p62/ SQSTM1 and LC3II/LC3I ratio where LC3 is microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3), inhibiting free radicals, and activating the antioxidant system. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione (GSH), GSH/glutathione peroxidase (GP(X)), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) were measured to evaluate the antioxidant activity of SMER28. Moreover, Iba-1 (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule, indicating microgliosis) and tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivities were evaluated in the SNc. In the behavioral assessment, SMER28 (50 mu g/kg) attenuated damages to the SNc dopaminergic neurons, characterized by improved motor function. The tissue observations revealed that SMER28 prevented the destruction of SNc neurons and attenuated microgliosis as well. It also reduced MDA and ROS production and increased GSH, GP(X), SOD, and Nrf2 activities by inducing autophagy (decreasing p62 and increasing LC3II/LC3I ratio). Consequently, possibly with further studies, it can be considered as a drug for neurodegenerative diseases with proteinopathy etiology.

Item Type: Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmail
Darabi, S.UNSPECIFIED
Noori-Zadeh, A.UNSPECIFIED
Rajaei, F.UNSPECIFIED
Abbaszadeh, H. A.UNSPECIFIED
Bakhtiyari, S.UNSPECIFIED
Roozbahany, N. A.UNSPECIFIED
Keywords: Dopaminergic neurons Nrf2 Parkinson's disease SMER28 SOD transcription factor nrf2 small-molecule enhancers microglial activation parkinsons-disease reduce toxicity protective role mouse model cells glutathione stress Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Neurosciences & Neurology
Divisions:
Page Range: pp. 2313-2323
Journal or Publication Title: Neurochemical Research
Journal Index: ISI
Volume: 43
Number: 12
Identification Number: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11064-018-2652-2
ISSN: 0364-3190
Depositing User: مهندس مهدی شریفی
URI: http://eprints.medilam.ac.ir/id/eprint/10

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