Abstract

Dose enhancement factor (DEF) in the presence of heavy nanoparticles in tumors can be evaluated by irradiation of gel dosimeters impregnated with nanoparticles (NPs); however, an important issue is whether all gel dosimeters are suitable to evaluate this factor. In this study, we evaluated MAGAT and nPAG for measuring DEF of bismuth oxide nanoparticles. Results revealed that DEF decreased for gels combined with nanoparticles compared to pure gel (without nanoparticles). Hence, it can be concluded that the characteristics of nanoparticles and the components of the gel can significantly influence the possibility of using a gel dosimeter to evaluate DEF.