Abstract

In the present study, gold nanoparticles and nitrogen-doped carbon nano-onions (AuNP/NCNO) in a nanocomposite-based sensor were reported for the electrochemical detection of acetaminophen (APAP). The NCNOs from the fullerene family were prepared using a simple and cost-effective method using aminated nanodiamonds (AM-ND) as a substrate. Nitrogen atoms were introduced into CNO cages during the preparation of these nanostructures by annealing AM-NDs under an inert helium atmosphere and reduced pressure. AuNPs were synthesized using a straightforward method. The nanocomposite profoundly enhanced the active surface area of the glassy carbon electrode and amplified the electron transfer rate. Accordingly, electrocatalysis of the APAP was achieved at the modified electrode surface at 0.38 V vs. Ag/AgCl. Under the optimal conditions, the sensor displayed a linear response for APAP detection ranging from 25 nM to 35 mu M with a limit of detection (LOD) of 9 nM. Potentially interfering drugs, such as ascorbic acid and dopamine, with 5-fold higher concentrations did not interfere with APAP detection. The feasibility of the sensor for APAP detection in tablet and serum samples was successfully evaluated. The qualities of this sensor, including its rapid-response, sensitivity and ease of use, maybe beneficial for potential applications in detecting other drugs.