Abstract

Background: Breakfast consumption has a lot of beneficial effects on nutritional status of schoolchildren's. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of social cognitive theory-based education on schoolchildren breakfast eating behaviors. Method: Two schools with similar socio-demographic characteristics were selected from 20 public primary schools of Ilam city and randomly assigned as intervention or control school. Fifty school children from 3rd, 4th and 5th grades of each school participated in this study. Educational intervention was performed during 6-weeks and was focused on enhancing the self-efficacy, social support and self-regulation mediators to promote the school children's breakfast consumption. Data were collected at baseline and 8-weeks after intervention using a 57-item questionnaire and a breakfast food diary and analyzed using Nutritionist IV Food Processor and SPSS soft wares. Findings: The findings showed that mean scores of all Social Cognitive Theory constructs as well as breakfast eating behaviors in intervention group significantly increased at 8-weeks follow-up (p < 0.05). Moreover, mean scores of energy and all measured macro and micronutrients intakes significantly increased at follow-up in intervention group (p < 0.05). Also, there were significant increases in mean scores of energy, calcium and vitamin D intakes in control group at 8-weeks follow-up (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that social cognitive theory is an effective framework to planning and implementation of the educational intervention to promotion of male schoolchildren's breakfast consumption. © 2018 Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.