Abstract

Central nervous system infection, including viral or bacterial contamination is one of the main causes of disease and mortality. Kinds of vaccines to prevent infectious diseases are produced. These vaccines are usually produced by external or internal microbial components. These components are usually made from a combination of proteins and carbohydrates, proteins or lipid. The bacteria is Types of pathogenic microbes that are considered capable of causing disease and potential use as antigens manufacturer to provider or transfer of vaccine. Bacteria contain the various components such as a cell wall, outer membrane, lipopolysaccharides and the flagella, which all components has antigenic properties and stimulates the immune response. Utilize of outer membrane vesicles(OMV) is one of the newest and affordable cases. OMV as a nanometer proteoliposome particle germinates through potential growth. OMV also increase the immunogenic protein antigen without adding the adjuvant. OMV product via two pathways: 1) Recruiting of meningococcal bacteria that grow in a specific environment, 2) Transfer surface antigens to virus like particle in order to express surface antigen. Problem in the meningococcal bacteria presence of endotoxin and need a detoxified but in virus-like particle system does not have this issue because of endotoxin is absent, Instead there are limitation in gene transfer. One of the most studied bacteria that produces vesicles bacterium is Escherichia coli. Since the whole genome of E.coli bacteria could be detected and with genetic engineering of bacteria could be add antigens, and these antigens could be cloned. OMV expression genes that induce immunity against cell surface antigens result to the immune response against diseases such as typhoid fever and meningococcal disease.